Английский язык Зачетная работа

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Broken, made or tested by adversity
Matt Scott
Biographers and those interested in famous, infamous, or essentially high profile individuals often pick over the details of their lives trying to establish what made them the way they are or were.
Everyone accepts that people inherit certain aptitudes and personality traits, and that a variety of very specific and personal experiences shape the person they become.
Being a refugee; losing a parent; being a member of a despised, discriminated against, or easily identifiable minority. Having a physical disability; being separated from family; experiencing chronic illness. We all face degrees of adversity, however major or minor, over a lifetime.
Adversity can test people to their limits; traumatise them for all time; break them. They can live for the rest of their lives with ghosts from the past; powerful memories that shape and shake all aspects of their adult functioning. Sometimes people live with a “monkey on their shoulder” who whispers to them at critical moments: “What do you know? You never went to university” or “How could you ever be accepted by that lot?”
Others are made by adversity in the sense that the testing hardens them, like steel. They are made stronger, more resilient, less fragile. People who do time in jail or prison camps sometimes joke that the harsh environment is no worse than their boarding schools: the cold, the bad and inadequate food, the uncomfortable living conditions. They have been there, done that, experienced the extremes.
Nearly all training for the professions and, of course, the military, introduces some level of adversity, be it sleep deprivation, physical exhaustion, or overwork. It is no accident that business and medical schools pile on the pressure.
They believe they should give their students a taste of real life.
Resilient people cope better. They bounce back faster. They carry less baggage from the past. They feel less influenced by fate, less victims of (bad) luck, more in control. They are able to maintain a steady course when the economic, political and psychological weather deteriorates.
Resilient people know who they are, who they can count on and where and when to get help. They don’t bluff about their toughness and certainly eschew the model of the stoical, macho male. They are self-aware.
Failure and setback teach lessons. Enquire into any person’s background – successful or not – and they will tell of things that tested them. The death of a relative; a sudden change in family fortunes; the discomfort of a move. These are early indicators of resilience.
Resilient people are hardy and have good coping skills. We all get stressed, that is self-evident, but resilient people can reduce the resulting acute and chronic effects quickly and efficiently.
http://www.managers.org.uk/insights/news/2016/september/broken-made-or-tested-by-adversity (дата обращения 28.09.2016)

I. Ответьте на вопросы письменно.
1. What do biographers and those interested in famous, infamous, or essentially high profile individuals often do?
2. What shapes the person?
3. Why do resilient people cope better in lives?
4. What situations do people learn from?
5. What skills do resilient people have?

II. Задайте все типы вопросов к подчеркнутым предложениям письменно.
III. Найдите сказуемые в выделенном абзаце, выпишите их и определите их время и залог.

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